Pipe joints can be secured in a number of ways, depending on the material, features and functions of the pipes and the fittings being used. Connection methods include:
Push to connect fittings (sometimes called push-to-fit or click-to-connect): These fittings make installation quick and easy for DIY plumbing projects. They have a special O-ring and metal teeth inside to grip and get a watertight connection in low-pressure situations. They can be used in certain situations with PEX, PVC and copper pipe.
Threaded Fittings: Threaded pipe fittings can be twisted together for a tight fit. Pipes and fittings that are female threaded have threading on the inside of the fitting and fit around male connections, which have thread on the outside. Considering a bottle with a twist-off lid, the bottle has male threads and the lid is female.
Sweat Fittings: Permanent, leak-free pipe joints are made when solder is melted, or “sweated,” around the seam of brass or copper fittings and pipes.
Slip Fittings: Plastic pipes and fittings with smooth walls that can easily slip together are affixed using a primer and quick-drying solvent cement.
Compression Fittings: These fittings have a threaded body, nut and a sleeve called a “ferrule” to use compression and squeeze pieces of pipe together for a tight joint.
Flare Fittings: Used for high water pressure and gas applications, a flare nut and the cone-shaped fitting connect the pipe and fitting after the pipe has been “flared” with a special tool.
Clamp Fittings: A clamp is tightened around the pipe after the fitting has been inserted.
Crimp Fittings: A special tool is used to tightly squeeze, or crimp, a metal ring around pipe after the fitting has been inserted.
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